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This article discusses the influence of folk music on the work of the composer Joseph Haydn (1732–1809). ==Background== Haydn was of humble family, perhaps unusually so for a famous composer. His parents were working people (his mother Anna Maria was a former cook, his father Mathias a master wheelwright). They lived in an obscure rural village, and had no musical training. This is not to say they were unmusical, however. Mathias was evidently a folk musician; according to Haydn's own testimony, his father 'played the harp without reading a note of music',〔Webster (2001, section 1). Webster quotes Haydn's "Autobiographical sketch"〕 having taught himself the instrument while a journeyman. According to the oldest biographies of Haydn (written with the help of interviews with the composer), the Haydn family frequently sang together as well as with their neighbors. The early Haydn biographer Georg August Griesinger, based on interviews with the composer, wrote :''Nature ... had endowed () with a good tenor voice, and his wife, Anne-Marie (Maria ), used to sing to the harp. The melodies of these songs were so deeply impressed in Joseph Haydn's memory that he could still recall them in advanced old age.''〔Grisinger (1810). Quotation from the Gotwals translation, cited below.〕 Before he reached the age of six, Haydn was sent away from his family to receive formal musical training. But since even at this tender age, the child was already showing musical talent (he recalled, "As a boy of five I sang all (father's ) simple easy pieces correctly'〔Webster 2001, section 1〕), it seems fair to say that Haydn began his musical career as a folk musician. Many scholars have argued that this early connection to folk music remained with him for the rest of his life: that throughout his career, Haydn took advantage of folk tunes, deploying them in strategic locations in his music. Haydn's early biographer Giuseppe Carpani claimed that the adult Haydn even did field work, collecting folk songs from the people as did Bartók and Vaughan Williams over a century later.〔Hughes (1950, 115〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Haydn and folk music」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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